Japanese meaning of 四苦八苦
Reading:
しくはっく (shiku hakkū)
English Translation:
Struggling with hardships
Meaning & Cultural Context
Meaning:
To face and struggle with numerous difficulties or hardships at the same time, requiring immense effort to endure and overcome them.
Cultural Context:
Originating from Buddhist teachings, the “four sufferings” refer to birth, aging, sickness, and death, later expanded to “eight sufferings” in Mahayana Buddhism. In modern Japanese, it is used broadly for any situation involving great struggle.
同時に多くの困難や苦しみを抱え込み、苦労しながら何とか乗り越えようとすること。日々の生活や仕事などで大変な状況が続く様子です。
仏教の「四苦」(生・老・病・死)に由来し、大乗仏教ではさらに「八苦」に拡大された。現代日本語では、宗教的文脈に限らず、大きな苦労や困難全般に用いられる。
Grammar & Learning Points
Grammar Point
• Noun phrase used with “する” to form a verb meaning “to struggle greatly.”
Trap for English Speakers
May be misinterpreted as literally “four and eight sufferings” without understanding it means “struggling with many difficulties.”
Example
Basic Example
新しいソフトの設定に四苦八苦している。
I’m struggling greatly with setting up the new software.
Applied Example
新しい武器を扱うのに四苦八苦した。
He struggled with hardships to master the new weapon.